Paper-making machine



(No Mddel F. H. 'GRAM.

' PAPER MAKING MACHINE.

Patented Dec. 17, 1889.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK I-IORATIO CRAM, OF MORRISVIIJLE, VERMONT, ASSIGNOR TO FRANCIS A. CUSI-IMAN, OF PLYMOUTH, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

PAPER-MAKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 417,545, dated December 17, 1889.

Application filed May 7, 1389. Serial No. 309,921. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK HORATIO CRAM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Morrisville, in the county of Lamoille and State of Vermont, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Paper-Making Machines; andI do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Paper-board used in certain lines of manufacture has to be as strong as it is possible to make it. \Vhen used for shoe-counters, it will'break in the bending or when being pressed into shape unless made of strong stock-such as jute and manila; but these are expensive. It has been found that pulp mixed with hair will answer the purpose at less cost; but the trouble has been to get the making-cylinder to take up properly pulp mixed with hair, as it will mat, felt, ball up, or fall back into the vat, and what goes to the felt will not be properly mixed.

The object of my invention is to cause the pulp and hair to be taken up-by the makingcylinder smoothly and without matting up or falling back into the vat, so that the pulpsheet forms on the felt evenly and well mixed, the hair being out of sight practically.

My invention will be described below, and

pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 is a perspective View, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a modified roll to take the place of the upper fluted roll.

Like letters refer to like parts.

T represents an ordinary pulp-vat,.and 00x may be the pulp-line.

A is the making-cylinder. the moisture may pass through freely, it has a jacket a, of brass wire-cloth of coarse mesh, and above this another jacket I), of brass wire-cloth of fine mesh; but this cylinder may be made'in any of the well-known ways. Above cylinder A is the felt F, and B is a couch-roll. This roll may be supported by arms f f; or any of the usual ways of arranging the felt may be resorted to.

H H are ordinary stirring-rolls, so placed 111 order that as to prevent the pulp from settling under the making-cylinder.

In order to cause the pulp to form evenly and remain on said cylinder A, I employ a fluted or ribbed roll D. This roll should. not run within several inches of the felt, and not nearer to the working-face of the cylinder A than from one to one and a half inch, and should not dip below the pulp-line of the vat to any greater distance; but of course I do not limit myself to the exact distances here given. mixes the hair with the pulp and at the same time throws the mixture upon the face of cylinder A as it rolls out of the pulp and in such an even manner that the pulp will not mat up or fall back into the vat, but will pass onto the top of cylinder A, where it forms on the felt perfectly.

I11 Fig. 2, D is a modified form of roll D, in which the surface of the roll is simply studded with truncated wire nails, or the equivalent, and it is found in certain cases to work even better than roll D.

The improvement described is very simple and economical, and accomplishes the purpose in view perfectly, thus rendering it feasible to work wood pulp mixed with hair, or the equivalent, which has always been difficult to do in such a manner that the resulting pulp-sheet should have a proper admixto re of the two ingredients. Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the vat and the making-cylinder, of a roll having projections on its surface, substantially as described, said roll being partly above and partly below the pulp-line of the vat and located near said cylinder, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the vat, of the making-cylinder, the fluted roll D, located partly above and partly below the pulp-line and near the cylinder, substantially as described, and the felt bearing on the upper face of said making-cylinder, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix' my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK HORATIO CRAM.

WVitnesses:

MASON S. STONE, ORLO CADY.

The ribbed roll D when revolving 

